Campanulaceae; native to Asia and Europe.

Germination:
Annual - Sow indoors 6 to 8 weeks before planting outdoors and maintain a temperature of 68-70° F within the medium during germination which takes 10-14 days. Leave seeds uncovered.
Biennial/Perennial - Sow outdoors in late spring or early summer for blooms the following year. Or, sow indoors in the same way as annual forms. Germination takes 14-21 days and light is beneficial to all types.

Growth: Set plants 4-18 inch apart depending upon the species in a rich, moist, well-drained soil and keep well-watered. Most will perform their best in full sun but (C. pesicifolia) and (C. rotundifolia) will perform well in partial shade.

Appearance and Use:
Annual - C. medium blooms in 3 months from seed with pink and blue flowers on 2- foot plants.
Biennial - C. medium ‘Calycanthema’ (Cup and Saucer) is named for its flower shape. Zones 3 to 7.
Perennial - C. carpatica grows 8-18 inches tall with 1 1/2 to 2 inch blooms of violet-blue or white. C. glomerata ‘Superbra’ is showy with 1- inch deep violet blooms in dense cluster on a 2 foot plant. C persiciflolia (Peached Leaved Campanula) has 1 1/2 inch blue or white blooms in open, 2 foot racemes. C. rotundifolia (Blue Bells-of-Scotland) is the dandiest with 1 inch, bright blue blooms on wiry, 1 1/2 foot stems. Zones 3-7.