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Seed Encyclopedia
| Flowers (7/339) Annuals, Pot Plants, Perennials, Bedding Plants, Biennials, House Plants, Vines & Climbers |
Edibles (5/96) Vegetables, Perennial Herbs, Fruit, Annual Herbs, Biennial Herbs |
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Flowers/Pot Plants
CACTI Cactus Zones 9 to 10 kak’ti Potted Plant Moderate Cactaceae; native to the Americas. Germination: Start indoors any time of the year, maintaining a temperature of 70-75° F during germination. Leave smaller seed types uncovered;...
| 617 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Pot Plants
CALCEOLARIA crenatiflora Pocketbook Plant, Pouch Flower kal-se-o-lar’-ri-å cren-at-i-flor’a Pot Plant Moderate Scrophulariaceae; native to Chili and Peru. Germination: For best results, sow indoors in fall for winter and spring...
| 860 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CALENDULA officinalis Pot Marigold ka-len’du-la o-fi-shi-na’lis Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to southen Europe. Germination: Sow outdoors in spring in any climate. Or, in cool climates, sow indoors in spring for summer use; in...
| 1145 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CALLISTEPHUS chinensis Aster, China Aster kal-i’ste-fus chi-nen’sis Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to China. Germination: Sow outdoors after all danger of frost is past, or sow indoors 6-8 weeks before planting outside. Sow indoors...
| 1092 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CALLUNA vulgaris Heather Zones 4 to 6 ka-lu’na vul-gar’is Perennial Challenging Ericaceae; native of northern Europe. Germination: Sow outdoors in late fall for early spring germination, or sow indoors. Fresh seeds will germinate in...
| 398 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CAMELLIA species Camellia Zones in text below ka-mel’e-å Perennial Theaceae; native to Asia. Germination: Soak seeds of C. sasanqua in warm water for 24 hours before sowing. Maintain a temperature within the medium of 70-75° during...
| 375 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CAMPANULA species Bellflower Zones 3 to 7 kam-pan’u-å Biennial, Perennial, Annual Moderate Campanulaceae; native to Asia and Europe. Germination: Annual - Sow indoors 6 to 8 weeks before planting outdoors and maintain a temperature of...
| 836 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Biennials
CAMPANULA species Bellflower Zones 3 to 7 kam-pan’u-å Biennial, Perennial, Annual Moderate Campanulaceae; native to Asia and Europe. Germination: Annual - Sow indoors 6 to 8 weeks before planting outdoors and maintain a temperature of...
| 751 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CAMPANULA species Bellflower Zones 3 to 7 kam-pan’u-å Biennial, Perennial, Annual Moderate Campanulaceae; native to Asia and Europe. Germination: Annual - Sow indoors 6 to 8 weeks before planting outdoors and maintain a temperature of...
| 372 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CAMPSIS radicans Trumpet Vine Zones 5-9 kamp’-sis Perennial Bignoniaceae; native to Northeast North America. Germination: Place seeds in moistened medium in the refrigerator for two months, followed by germination maintaining a...
| 469 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CANNA x generalis Canna Lily, Indian Shot Zones 7-10 kan’-å Perennal Easy Cannaceae; native to South and Central America. Germination: After all danger of frost is past, sow outdoors where plants are to grow. For best results, sow...
| 383 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CAPSICUM annuum Ornamental Pepper Zones 9-10 kap’si-kum an’u-um Annual Easy Solanaceae; native to Tropics. Germination: Sow indoors 6-8 weeks before planting outside for summer use and cover the seeds with 4 times their thickness in...
| 999 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CAPSICUM annuum Pepper kap’si-kum an’u-um Vegetable Easy Solanaceae; native to tropical America. Germination: Sow indoors at 75-80°. Start them 6-8 weeks before night temperatures remain above 55°. Seeds can also be sown outdoors...
| 365 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CARDIOSPERMUM halicacabum Love-in-a-Puff kär-di-o-sper’mum hal-i-ka-ka’bum Annual* Moderate Sapindaceae, native to tropical America, India, and Africa. Germination: Sow indoors at 70° or alternating 68 and 86°. Sow to a depth 4...
| 763 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CAREX comans Hair Sedge Zones 7 to 9 ka’reks ko’mans Perennial Easy Cyperaceae; native to New Zealand. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68° or alternating 55 and 72°. Sow on the surface of the medium; do not cover as light aids in...
| 435 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CARTHAMUS tinctorius Safflower, False Saffron kär-tha’mus tink-to’ri-us Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to western Asia. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 68-72° and at a depth 4 times the size of the seed. Seeds will...
| 673 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Biennial Herbs
CARUM carvi Caraway Zone 5 to 8 ka’rum kar’vi Biennial Herb Easy Apiaceae; native to the Middle East. Germination: Best sown outdoors at a depth of 4 times the size of the seeds. Sow in the fall when the soil is still warm to have...
| 512 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CARYOPTERIS incana Bluebeard Zones 7 to 9 kar-i-op’ter-is in-ka’na Perennial Moderate Verbenaceae; native to China and Japan. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68-70° and at a depth 4 times the size of the seed. Seeds will germinate...
| 366 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CATANANCHE caerulea Cupid’s Dart Zones 5-10 kat-a-nan’ke ka-ru’le-a Perennial Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring, or start indoors 6-8 weeks before planting outdoors. Cover the...
| 371 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CATHARANTHUS roseus Periwinkle, Vinca kath-å-ran’-thus ros’-e-us Annual Easy Apocynaceae; native to Africa and Southwest Asia. Germination: Sow indoors 12 weeks prior to the last frost, cover the seeds with 4 times their thickness...
| 482 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CELOSIA argentea cultivars Cockscomb sel-o-se-ä âr-jen’-te-ä Annual Easy Amaranthaceae; native to the Tropics of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Germination: When danger of frost is past, sow outdoors where plants are to grow....
| 437 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CENTAUREA cyanus Bachelor’s Buttons, Cornflower sen-tôr’e-ä si-ån-us Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: In early spring, sow outdoors where plants are to grow. Or, start indoors 4 weeks before...
| 448 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CENTRANTHUS ruber var. coccineus Jupiter’s Beard Zones 5 to 8 sen-tran’thus ru’ber kok-sin’e-us Perennial Moderate Valerianaceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 55 and...
| 565 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CERASTIUM tomentosum Snow-in-Summer Zones 3 to 7 sir-as’-te-um to-men-to’-sum Perennial Easy Carylphullaceae; native to Europe. Germination: Sow outdoors in spring or summer, up to 2 months before frost. Indoors, cover the seeds with...
| 363 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CERCIS canadensis Redbud, Judas Tree Zones 5 to 9 sur’-sis kan-a-den’-sis Perennial Leguminosae; native to the United States. Germination: Sow seed outdoors in fall for germination the following spring or summer. Indoors, soak seeds...
| 294 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CHAENARRHINUM organifolium Dwarf Snapdragon Zones 6 to 9 ke-nor-hin’um ôr-gån-i-fo’li-um Perennial Easy Scrophulariacea; native to Asia Minor. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68-70° with no cover as light aids in germination....
| 462 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CHEIRANTHUS allionii Siberian Wallflower Zones 3 to 9 ki-ran’-thus a-le-on’e-i Perennial Cruciferae; native to Europe. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring for annual or perennial use. Best sown indoors by maintaining a...
| 318 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CHRYSANTHEMUM carinatum Tricolor Chrysanthemum Zones 5-9 kris-an’the-mum môr-i-fo’le-um Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to bloom after all danger of frost is past. For...
| 395 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CHRYSANTHEMUM coronium Crown Daisy, Garland kris-an’the-mum môr-i-fo’le-um Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to bloom after all danger of frost is past. For best...
| 561 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CHRYSANTHEMUM X morifolium Florists Chrysanthemum Zones 5-9 kris-an’the-mum môr-i-fo’le-um Perennial Easy Asteraceae; native to China. Germination: In spring or summer, sow outdoors up to 2 months before frost and barely cover the...
| 355 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
CICHORIUM endiva Endive se-kor’e-um en-div’å Easy Asteraceae; native to India. Germination: Endive is best grown as a fall crop. Sow seeds outdoors 3- 31/2 months before first frost in 1/4 inch deep rows 18-24 inches apart....
| 494 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
CICHORIUM intybus Chicory se-kor’e-um in’ti-bus Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow seeds outdoors in early to mid-spring in 1/4 inch deep rows 18 inches apart. Seeds may also be started indoors, at a...
| 466 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CICHORIUM intybus Radicchio Zones 3 to 10 se-kor’e-um in-ti’bus Vegetable Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown outdoors after all danger of frost is past in the spring. Alternatively, sow outdoors in...
| 244 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Fruit
CITRULLUS lanatus Watermelon sit-rul’us lå-na’tus Fruit Easy Cucurbitaceae; native to Africa. Germination: In areas with a long growing season, seeds are best sown outdoors after all danger of frost is past and in a warm soil....
| 574 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CLADANTHUS arabicus Palm Springs Daisy kluh-dan’thus Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to Spain and Morocco. Germination: Sow thinly outdoors as soon as soil can be worked and cover the seeds lightly. For best results, sow indoors, leave...
| 414 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CLARKIA hybrids Rocky Mountain Garland, Godetia klär’ki-å Annual Easy Onagreaceae; native to California. Germination: For best results, sow outdoors where plants are to grow when danger of frost is past and barely cover the seeds....
| 434 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CLEMATIS species Virgin’s Bower, Vase Vine Zones 5-9 klem’ä-tis Perennial, Climbing Easy Buttercup family (Ranunculacae); native to the world’s temperate region. Germination: Sow outdoors in late fall for spring germination....
| 337 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Vines & Climbers
CLEMATIS species Virgin’s Bower, Vase Vine Zones 5-9 klem’ä-tis Perennial, Climbing Easy Buttercup family (Ranunculacae); native to the world’s temperate region. Germination: Sow outdoors in late fall for spring germination....
| 676 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CLEOME hassleriana Spider Flower kle-o-me has-ler-e-a’na Annual Easy Caper family (Capparaidaceae); native to the Caribbean. Germination: Outdoors, sow where plants are to grow when danger of frost is past. Indoors, sow 4-6 weeks...
| 430 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CLIANTHUS formosus Desert Pea kli-an’thus fôr-mo’sus Annual* Difficult Fabaceae; native to north Australia. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68-70° at a depth four times the diameter of the seed. Expect germination in 12-16...
| 438 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Pot Plants
CLIVIA miniata Kaffir Lily kli’vi-a Pot Plant Moderate Amaryllidaceae; native to South Africa. Germination: The seeds will arrive ripe and fresh and should be sown immediately upon receipt. Maintain a temperature within the medium of...
| 591 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
COBAEA Cup & Saucer Vine, Cathedral Bells ko-be-å Annual Easy Polemoniaceae; native to South America and Mexico. Germination: For best results, sow indoors, covering the seed with four times their thickness in soil. Alternate the...
| 448 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CODONOPSIS Bonnet Bellflower Zones 7-9 ko-don-op’sis Perennial Moderate Campanulaceae; native to Central Asia. Germination: Sow indoors, 6-8 weeks before final frost, covering the seeds with four times their thickness in soil....
| 301 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CONSOLIDA ambigua Larkspur kon-sol’-id-da am-big’u-a Annual Easy Ranunculaceae; native to Southern Europe. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring and cover the seeds with 4 times their thickness in soil. Indoors, sow 6-8 weeks...
| 368 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CONVOLVULUS tricolor Dwarf Morning Glory kon-vol’vu-lus tri’kul-er Annual* Easy Convolvulaceae; native from Portugal to Greece and North Africa. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68-86° at a depth four times the diameter of the...
| 441 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CORDYLINE indivisa Cabbage Palm kôr-di-li’ne in-di-ve’så Annual* Moderate Agavaceae; native to New Zealand. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 68 and 86°. Sow with no cover as light aids in...
| 334 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
COREOPSIS Tickseed Zones in text below kô-re-op-sis Perennial Easy Compositae; C. grandiflora is native to the midwestern and southern U.S. and C. rosea to the central U.S. Germination: Sow outdoors anytime from early spring through...
| 336 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
COREOPSIS tinctoria Tickseed kôr-e-op’-sis tink-tôr’e-å Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to U.S. and Canada. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to grow when all danger of frost has past. Indoors, sow 6-8 weeks before...
| 333 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
CORIANDRUM sativum Coriander ko-ri-an’drum sa-ti’vum Annual Herb Easy Apiaceae; native to southern Europe. Germination: Best sown outdoors in the early spring when the soil is still cool. Sow at a depth of 4 times the size of the...
| 487 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CORNUS species Dogwood Zones 5 to 8 kôr’-nus Perennial Cornaceae; native to temperate regions. Germination: C. florida should be sown outdoors in fall for germination in spring, or place in the freezer in moist medium for three...
| 297 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CORONILLA varia Crown Vetch Zones 3 to 9 kôr-o-nil-å Perennial* Moderate Leguminosae; native to Europe. Germination: In spring, direct sow in large areas at the rate of 1 lb. per 1,000 sq. ft. with an equal amount of annual ryegrass...
| 363 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CORTADERIA selloana Pampas Grass Zones 7-10 kôr-ta-dar-e-a sel-o-a’na Perennial Moderate Gramineae; native to Argentina. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to bloom when the soil is warm in spring and barely cover the seeds....
| 278 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
COSMOS Cosmos, Mexican Aster Zones 7-10 kos’mos Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to Mexico. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to grow when danger of frost has past. Sow indoors 5-7 weeks before planting outside. Cover the seeds...
| 412 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CRAMBE cordifolia Giant Kale Zones 6 to 9 kram’be kôr-di-fo’le-å Perennial Difficult Brassicaceae; native to Europe and Turkey. Germination: Best sown outdoors in spring or early fall at a depth 4 times the diameter of the seed....
| 370 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CRASPEDIA globosa Drumsticks Zones 8 to 10 kras-pe’de-å glo-boså Perennial Easy Asteraceae, native to Australia. Germination: Best sown indoors at 68-70° with no cover. Expect germination in 10-15 days. Seeds may also be sown...
| 310 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Pot Plants
CROSSANDRA infundibuliformis (Crossandra undulifolia) Firecracker Flower kros-an’-drå Pot Plant Challenging Acanthaceae; native to India and Malaysia. Germination: Sow seeds indoors, at anytime. Leave the seeds uncovered and...
| 970 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Fruit
CUCUMIS melo Muskmelon and Honeydew ku’ku-mis me’lo Fruit Easy Cucurbitaceae; native to western Africa. Germination: In areas with a long, hot growing season seeds are best sown outdoors after all >danger of frost is past in the spring and...
| 667 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CUCUMIS sativus Cucumber ku’ku-mis sa-ti’vus Vegetable Easy Cucurbitaceae; native to southern Asia. Germination: Best sown outdoors. Sow 1-2 weeks after danger of frost is past. Seeds can also be sown indoors, 4-6 weeks before...
| 552 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CUCURBITA pepo Squash and Zucchini ku-ker’bi-tå pe’po Vegetable Eas Cucurbitaceae; of cultivated American origin. Germination: Best sown outdoors after all danger of frost has past in the spring. Seeds can also be sown indoors,...
| 536 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CUCURBITA species Pumpkins and Winter Squashes ku-ker’bi-tå Vegetable Easy Cucurbitaceae; of cultivated American origin. Germination: Best sown outdoors after all danger of frost has past in the spring and in a warm soil. Seeds can...
| 497 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CUCURITA Pepo var. ovifera Yellow-Flowered Gourds ku-ker’-bi-tå Annual Easy Cucurbitaceae; native to Texas. Germination: Sow outdoors in spring where seeds are to grow. For best results, sow indoors, cover the seeds with four times...
| 386 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
CUMINUM cyminum Cumin ku-min’um si-min’um Annual Herb Easy Apiaceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow indoors, 6-8 weeks before last frost, at a temperature of 70-72°. Alternatively, sow seeds outdoors when the soil is...
| 485 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Annuals
CUPHEA ignea Cigar Flower, Firecracker Plant ku-fe-å ig’ne-å Annual Easy Lythraceae; native to Mexico. Germination: Sow outdoors where plants are to grow and barely cover the seeds. For best results, sow indoors, leave the seed...
| 321 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CYCLAMEN species Cyclamen Zones 5 to 7 sigh-kla-men Perennial/Tender Perennial Moderate Primulaceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: For winter blooms, sow indoors in spring. Cover the seeds with four times their thickness in...
| 290 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CYNARA cardunculus Cardoon Zones 8 to 10 sin’å-rå kar-dun’ku-lus Vegetable Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 68-72° and at a depth of 4 times the size of the seeds. Expect...
| 442 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
CYNARA cardunculus Cardoon Zones 8 to 10 sin’å-rå kar-dun’ku-lus Herb Easy Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 68-72° and at a depth of 4 times the size of the seeds. Expect germination...
| 436 hits | Read more
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Edibles/Vegetables
CYNARA scolymus Artichoke Zones 6 to 8 sin’å-rå sko-le’mus Perennial Vegetable Moderate Asteraceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature to 60-70° and at a depth of 4 times the size of the...
| 566 hits | Read more
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Flowers/Perennials
CYTISUS species Broom Zones variable si’tis-sus Perennial Challenging Fabaceae; native to Mediterranean region and the Canary Islands. Germination: Nick and soak seeds for 24 hours before planting. For best results, sow indoors,...
| 317 hits | Read more
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"Making a connection to a woodland garden isn’t dependent on a grand space or budget. My first garden was on an eighth-acre urban lot in Newark, Delaware…planted the tiny space with woodland ferns, wildflowers, and shrubs..," Rick Darke, The American Woodland Garden-Capturing the Spirit of the Deciduous Forest. |