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Seed Encyclopedia
| Flowers (7/339) Annuals, Pot Plants, Perennials, Bedding Plants, Biennials, House Plants, Vines & Climbers |
Edibles (5/96) Vegetables, Perennial Herbs, Fruit, Annual Herbs, Biennial Herbs |
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Edibles/Vegetables
ABELMOSCHUS esculentus Okra a-bel-mos’kus es-ku-len’tus Vegetable Easy Malvaceae; native to the tropics. Germination: If the summer growing season is short and spring is cool, start seeds indoors, 4-6 weeks before planting out, at a...
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Flowers/Annuals
ABELMOSCHUS manihot Hibiscus, Mallow a-bel-mos’kus man-i-hot Annual Easy Malvaceae; native to Europe and Asia. Germination: For best results, clip seeds before sowing, or soak them in water-they will sink when they are ready to be...
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Flowers/Pot Plants
ABUTILON x hybridum Flowering Maple Zone 10 a-bu’til-on x hi’brid-um Pot Plant Easy Malvaceae; native to South America. Germination: To grow as houseplants, sow anytime of the year, barely covering the seed and maintaining a...
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Flowers/Perennials
ACANTHUS species Bear’s Breeches Zones variable å-kan’thus Perennial Challenging Acanthaceae; native to Southern Europe. Germination: Sow seeds in their permanent location if possible; Acanthus resents transplanting. Sow indoors...
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Flowers/Perennials
ACHILLEA species Milfoil, Yarrow Zones 3-10 å-kil’le-å Perennial Easy Asteraceae; native to Europe and Asia. Germination: The fine seed requires light to germinate, so leave it uncovered. Sow outdoors anytime in spring or summer, up...
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Flowers/Pot Plants
ACHIMENES cultivars Magic Flower, Nut Orchid Zone 10 å-kim’in-ez Pot Plant, Bedding Plant Challenging Gesneriaceae; native to tropical America. Germination: Sow indoors anytime of the year for use as a container plant. For outdoor...
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Flowers/Bedding Plants
ACHIMENES cultivars Magic Flower, Nut Orchid Zone 10 å-kim’in-ez Pot Plant, Bedding Plant Challenging Gesneriaceae; native to tropical America. Germination: Sow indoors anytime of the year for use as a container plant. For outdoor...
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Flowers/Annuals
ACONITUM hybrid Monkshood Zones 3-8 a-ko-ni’tum Perennial Challenging Ranunculaceae; native to China. Germination: Sow outdoors in late fall or early winter, covering the seeds with 4 times their thickness in soil. Indoors, place the...
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Flowers/Annuals
AGAPANTHUS africanus & hybrids African Lily Variable ag-å-pan’thus af’ri-ka’nus Perennial, Pot Plant Moderate Lilaceae; native to northeast Africa. Germination: Sow indoors anytime, covering the seeds lightly and maintaining a...
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Flowers/Perennials
AGASTACHE cana Giant Hyssop Zones 5-10 åg-å-stak’-e ka’na Perennial Easy Lamiaceae; native to New Mexico and West Texas. Germination: Sow indoors, covering the seeds with 4 times their thickness in soil and maintaining a...
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Edibles/Perennial Herbs
AGASTACHE foeniculum Anise Hyssop Zones 3 to 9 å-gå’ståk’e fo-nik’u-lum Perennial Herb Easy Lamiaceae; native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature of 68-70° and with no cover...
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Flowers/Annuals
AGERATUM houstonianum Floss Flower a-jer-å’tum hos-toni-e-a’num Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to Mexico. Germination: For outdoor growth, sow indoors 6-8 weeks before planting outside; for container growth, sow anytime of the year. Leave...
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Flowers/Perennials
ALCEA rosa (Althea rosea) Hollyhock Zones 3-9 al-se’å ros’å Biennial, Perennial Easy Malvaceae; native to China. Germination: Sow perennial varieties outdoors anytime in spring or summer, up to 2 months before first fall frost....
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Flowers/Biennials
ALCEA rosa (Althea rosea) Hollyhock Zones 3-9 al-se’å ros’å Biennial, Perennial Easy Malvaceae; native to China. Germination: Sow perennial varieties outdoors anytime in spring or summer, up to 2 months before first fall frost....
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Flowers/Perennials
ALCHEMILLA mollis Lady’s Mantle Zones 4-9 al-kem-ill‘å mol’is Perennial Moderate Rosaceae; native to Europe and Asia. Germination: For best results, sow indoors, leaving seed uncovered and maintaining 65-68° F during...
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Edibles/Vegetables
ALLIUM ampeloprasum Porrum Group Leek al’e-um am-pe’lo-pra-sum Vegetable Easy Liliaceae; native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Germination: Best started indoors as transplanted leeks have more vigor and get a head start on their...
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Edibles/Vegetables
ALLIUM cepa Onion al’e-um se’på Vegetable Easy Liliaceae; nativity unknown. Germination: Best sown outdoors in situ after all danger of frost is past in the spring and the soil is warm. In Zones 8 and warmer, seeds can be sown in...
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Edibles/Vegetables
ALLIUM cepa Aggregatum Group Shallots al’e-um se’på Vegetable Moderate Liliaceae; native to western Asia. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature of 68-70°. Seeds can also be sown outdoors in situ after all danger of frost...
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Edibles/Perennial Herbs
ALLIUM schoenoprasum Chives Zones 3 to 7 al’e-um sho’-no-pra-sum Perennial Herb Easy Liliaceae; native to Europe and Asia. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 68-70° and at a depth of 4 times the size of the seeds. Expect...
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Flowers/Perennials
ALLIUM species Flowering Onion Zones in text below al’le-um species Perennial Easy Lilaceae; native to Asia and Europe. Germination: Allium species have erratic germination, but the rate is improved by pre-chilling the seed in a...
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Flowers/Perennials
ALSTROEMERIA aurea (aurantiaca) hybrids Peruvian Lily Zones 6 to 10 al-stre-mer’e-å Perennial Challenging Alstromeriaceae; native to South America. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring while the soil is cool. Or sow...
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Flowers/Annuals
ALTERNANTHERA, dentata Joseph’s Coat al-ter-nan’the-rå den-ta’tå Annual Easy Amaranthaceae; native to West Indies and Brazil. Germination: For best results, sow indoors leaving the seeds uncovered and maintaining temperatures...
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Flowers/Perennials
ALYSSUM montanum Basket of Gold Zones 5-8 å-liss’um mön’ta-num Perennial Brassicaceae; native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring, leaving seed uncovered, or Sow indoors, leaving seeds uncovered and...
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Flowers/Annuals
AMARANTHUS tricolor, A. caudatus , A. creuntus Summer Poinsettia, Joseph’s Coat, Love Lies-Bleeding, Princess Feather am-å-ran’thus try’kull-lûr Annual Easy Amaranthaceae; native to †he Tropics, India, and the...
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Flowers/Annuals
AMMI majus False Queen Anne’s Lace am’mi ma’jus Annual Easy Apiaceae; native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Germination: Sow outdoors in spring, barely covering the seed. Or sow indoors, leaving seed uncovered and...
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Flowers/Biennials
AMMOBIUM alatum, A. ‘Bikini’ Winged Everlasting Zone 9 am-mo’be-um a-lay’tum a. bi-ke’ne Biennial, Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to Australia. Germination: Sow outdoors anytime, spring or summer, up to 2 months before...
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Flowers/Annuals
AMMOBIUM alatum, A. ‘Bikini’ Winged Everlasting Zone 9 am-mo’be-um a-lay’tum a. bi-ke’ne Biennial, Annual Easy Asteraceae; native to Australia. Germination: Sow outdoors anytime, spring or summer, up to 2 months before...
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
ANETHUM graveolens Dill å-ne’thum grå-veo’-lenz Annual Herb Easy Apiaceae; native to southwest Asia. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 60-70°. Sow in individual pots to facilitate transplanting of the tap root....
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Flowers/Perennials
ANGELICA species Angelica Variable an-jel’e-kå Perennial Challenging Carrot family (Apiaceae); native to Eastern Europe and North America. Germination: Sow outdoors in late fall for spring germination, or sow indoors after...
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Edibles/Perennial Herbs
ANGUISORBA minor (Poterium sanguisorba) Salad Burnet Zones 3 to 9 sang-gwi-sôr’bå mi’nôr Perennial Herb Easy Rosaceae; native to Europe and west Asia. Germination: Sow seeds indoors at a temperature of 68-70° and at a depth of 4...
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
ANTHRISCUS cerefolium Chervil an-thris’cus ser-e-fol’e-um Annual Easy Apiaceae; native to southeastern Europe and western Asia. Germination: Sow outdoors in early spring or sow indoors at a temperature of 60-70°. Expect germination...
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Flowers/Annuals
ANTIRRHINUM majus Snapdragon an-ti-ri’num ma’jus Annual Easy Scrophulariaceae, native to Europe and the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors, 6-8 weeks before planting out, at a temperature of 68-70° and with no...
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Edibles/Vegetables
APIUM graveolens var. dulce Celery ap’e-um grå-ve’o-lenz dul’cha Vegetable Difficult Apiaceae; native to Eurasia. Germination: Sow seeds indoors, 10-12 weeks before planting out, at a temperature of 70-75° with no cover as light...
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Edibles/Vegetables
APIUM graveolens var. rapaceum Celeriac ap’e-um grå-ve’o-lenz rå-pa’se-um Vegetable Moderate Apiaceae; native to Europe. Germination: Sow seeds indoors at 68-70° with no cover as light aids in germination. Seeds will germinate...
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Flowers/Perennials
AQUILEGIA species Columbine Zones 4 to 8 ak-wi-le'ji-å Perennial Easy Ranunculaceae, native to the northern hemisphere. Germination: Sow seeds indoors at a temperature of 68-70° and with no cover as light aids in germination. Expect...
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Flowers/Perennials
ARABIS caucasica Rock Cress, Wall Cress Zones 4 to 8 ar’å-bis kâ-kas’i-kå Perennial Moderate Brassicaceae, native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 55 and 72°. Sow with no cover...
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Edibles/Vegetables
ARACHIS hypogaea Peanut å-ra’kis hi-po-geå Vegetable Easy Fabaceae; native to southern Brazil. Germination: Best sown outdoors in situ after all danger of frost is past in the spring and when the soil is warm. Seeds can also be sown...
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Flowers/Annuals
ARCTOTIS stoechadifolia African Daisy ärk-to’tis sto-e-kad-i-fo’li-å Annual Moderate Asteraceae, native to South Africa. Germination: Best sown indoors, 6-8 weeks before planting out, at alternating temperatures of 55 and...
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Flowers/Perennials
ARISAEMA sikokianum Jack-in-Pulpit Zones 5 to 9 ar-i-se’må si-kok-e’a-num Perennial Difficult Araceae, native to Asia and North America. Germination: Sow indoors at alternating temperatures of 55 and 72°. Sow at a depth of 4...
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Flowers/Annuals
ARISTOLOCHIA littoralis Calico flower a-ris-to-lo’ki-å lit-to-ra’lis Annual* Moderate Aristolochiaceae, native to the Tropics. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 68 and 86°. Sow with no cover as light...
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Flowers/Perennials
ARMERIA maritima Thrift, Sea Pink Zones 3 to 9 är-me’ri-å må-rit’i-må Perennial Easy Plumbaginaceae, native to Greenland, Iceland, and northern Europe. Germination: Soak seeds in warm water for 6-8 hours before sowing. They are...
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Edibles/Annual Herbs
ARTEMISIA annua Sweet Annie är-te-miz’i-å an’u-å Annual Herb Easy Asteraceae; native to southeastern Europe and Iran. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature of 68-72° with no cover as light aids in germination. Expect...
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Edibles/Perennial Herbs
ARTEMISIA dracunculus var. dracunculus Russian Tarragon Zones 2 to 9 är-te-miz’i-å dra-kun’ku-lus Perennial Herb Easy Asteraceae; native to central and eastern Europe and southern Russia. Germination: Best sown indoors at 60-70°...
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Edibles/Perennial Herbs
ARTEMISIA vulgaris Mugwort Zones 4 to 10 är-te-miz’i-å vul-gãr’is Perennial Herb Moderate Asteraceae; native to Eastern Europe. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature of 68-70° with no cover as light aids in germination....
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Flowers/Perennials
ARUNCUS dioicus Goat’s beard Zones 3 to 7 å-run’kus di-o-i’cus Perennial Moderate Rosaceae, native to Europe and North America. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 68 and 86°. Sow with no cover as...
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Flowers/Annuals
ASARINA antirrhiniflora Vining Snapdragon å-sär’i-nå an-ti-ri-ni-florå Annual or Pot Plant* Moderate Scrophulariaceae; native to the southern United States and Mexico. Germination: Sown indoors at a temperature of 68-70° with no...
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Flowers/Pot Plants
ASARINA antirrhiniflora Vining Snapdragon å-sär’i-nå an-ti-ri-ni-florå Annual or Pot Plant* Moderate Scrophulariaceae; native to the southern United States and Mexico. Germination: Sown indoors at a temperature of 68-70° with no...
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Flowers/Annuals
ASCLEPIAS fruticosa Milk Bush as-kle’pe-us fru-ti-ko’så Annual Easy Asclepiadaceae; native to Africa. Germination: For best results and earliest fruiting, the seeds are best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 68 and...
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Flowers/Perennials
ASCLEPIAS tuberosa Butterfly Weed Zones 4 to 9 a-skle’pe-us tu-ber-o’så Perennial Moderate Asclepiadaceae; native to the United States and Canada. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 68 and 86°. Sow at...
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Edibles/Vegetables
ASPARAGUS officinalis Asparagus Zones 2 to 7 as-pãr’å-gus o-fis-i-nå’lis Perennial Vegetable Difficult Liliaceae; native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Germination: Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water for 48 hours....
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Flowers/Pot Plants
ASPARAGUS species Asparagus Ferns as-pãr’å-gus Pot Plant Easy Liliaceae; native to Africa and Asia. Germination: Soak seeds in water for 24 hours before sowing and use fresh seeds as they do not store well. Sow seeds indoors, at...
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Flowers/Perennials
ASTER hybrids Michaelmas Daisy Zones in text below as’ter Perennial Easy Asteracea; nativity in text below. Germination: Best sown indoors at alternating temperatures of 65 and 85° and with no cover as light aids in germination....
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Flowers/Perennials
ASTILBE x arendsii False Spirea Zones 4 to 8 å-stil’be å-rend’se Perennial Moderate Saxifragaceae; a hybrid of garden origin. Germination: Best sown indoors at a temperature of 55-72° and with no cover as light aids in...
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Flowers/Perennials
ASTRANTIA major Masterwort Zones 4 to 7 as-tran’shi-å ma’jôr Perennial Difficult Apiaceae, native to Europe. Germination: Sow indoors at a temperature of 58-62° and at a depth of 4 times the size of the seeds. Expect erratic...
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Flowers/Perennials
AURINIA saxatilis Basket of Gold Zones 4 to 8 â-rin’e-å saks-at’i-lis Perennial Easy Brassicaceae, native to the Mediterranean. Germination: Best sown indoors, in spring or summer, at alternating temperatures of 55 and 72° and...
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"You can tell which diseases tomatoes are resistant to by looking for letters such as V, F, N and T after the name of the tomato. Each letter represents a problem the plant is bred to resist, and the more letters the better!" ---from Orene Horton's book, "Clippings from Orene's Garden"--- |